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Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 downloads

EFECTO DEL TAMAÑO DE PARTÍCULA DE DIÓXIDO DE TITANIO INMOVILIZADO EN LA OXIDACIÓN FOTOCATALÍTICA DE PÚRPURA DE BROMOCRESOL
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Alvarado-de la Vega, Mario Alberto

; Meza-Gordillo, Rocío

; Villalobos-Maldonado, Juan José

; Pola-Albores, José Francisco

; Enciso-Sáenz, Samuel

Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental

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2021, Volume 37 elocation 54008

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La contaminación de agua residual con materia orgánica y compuestos aromáticos es un problema cada vez más complejo que demanda sistemas de tratamiento más eficientes. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el efecto del tamaño de partícula de TiO2 en la oxidación fotocatalítica del púrpura de bromocresol usado como modelo de contaminante orgánico. El TiO2 se inmovilizó sobre un sustrato de borosilicato mediante la técnica de revestimiento por inmersión y se caracterizó por microscopia de fuerza atómica (AFM, por sus siglas en inglés) para evaluar la morfología de la superficie obtenida. La estructura cristalina anatasa del TiO2 se confirmó mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX) y el tamaño de partícula se determinó mediante dispersión de luz dinámica (DSL). Se evaluaron los efectos de partículas de 25 y 300 nm de TiO2 sobre la degradación del púrpura de bromocresol en concentraciones de 5, 10, 20 y 30 ppm. La cinética de la reacción de degradación de púrpura de bromocresol (PBC) fue de pseudoprimer orden, congruente con el modelo de Langmuir para concentraciones bajas de este colorante. La fotodegradación en partículas de 25 nm de TiO2, resultó más eficiente que la de 300 nm, debido al mayor número de granos formados en la superficie, el cual promovió un mayor número de sitios activos disponibles.

ABSTRACT Pollution of sewage water with organic matter and aromatic compounds is a complex problem that is constantly in need of more efficient systems for its treatment. The objective of this works is to evaluate the effect of TiO2 particle size in the photocatalytic oxidation of bromocresol purple, used as a model of organic polluter. TiO2 was immobilized on a borosilicate substrate through the coating by immersion technic and was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to evaluate the morphology of the obtained surface. The anatase crystalline structure of TiO2 was confirmed by X ray diffraction (DRX) and its particle size was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DSL). The effects of 25- and 300- nm TiO2 particles on the degradation of bromocresol purple at 5, 10, 20 and 30 ppm concentrations were evaluated. Kinetics of the bromocresol purple (PBC) degradation reaction was pseudo first order, consistent with the Langmuir model for low concentrations of this dye. The photodegradation in 25-nm TiO2 particles was more efficient than in 300 nm, due to the greater number of grains formed on the surface, thus promoting a greater number of available active sites.

https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54008 14 downloads

Musicoterapia grupal activa y depresión en pacientes del Hospital de Psiquiatría - CNS
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López de la Vega, Mario Ricardo

Revista de Investigacion Psicologica

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Dez 2020, Nº 24 Páginas 11 - 36

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen La depresión se constituye en uno de los mayores problemas de salud mental a nivel mundial y nuestro país no está exento de dicha problemática, esto significa un enorme reto para los profesionales del área y una búsqueda de tratamientos accesibles, innovadores, sostenibles y efectivos, por lo que la musicoterapia podría, de alguna manera, dar respuestas a estas demandas, ya que como lo señalaría Bruscia K. en 1988, entre sus objetivos terapéuticos estarían la restauración, el mantenimiento y el acrecentamiento de la salud tanto física como mental. Es con este propósito que la presente investigación a través de un diseño Cuasiexperimental, pretende demostrar que la denominada Musicoterapia grupal activa disminuye los niveles de depresión. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, se ha estructurado un programa de intervención basado por un lado en los principios propuestos por Gastón T, y Poch S., y en el principio de Iso (Identidad sonoro musical) de Altshuler I. y Benenzon R.; y por otro, en la metodología grupal activa, (Poch S. Alvin J. y Satinosky S.) que ha sido implementado en el Hospital de Psiquiatría de la CNS de la ciudad de La Paz en un grupo de pacientes con depresión, en un tiempo estimado de cuatro meses, a la vez de haberse realizado un análisis comparativo con un grupo de control, obteniendo resultados estadísticos significativos que confirman la hipótesis de investigación y que permiten avizorar la incursión de este novedoso recurso terapéutico en el tratamiento de la depresión en nuestro contexto sociocultural.

Resumo A depressão é um dos maiores problemas de saúde mental a nível mundial e nosso país não está isento desse problema, o que significa um grande desafio para os profissionais da área e uma busca por tratamentos acessíveis, inovadores, sustentáveis e eficazes, para que a musicoterapia poderia, de alguma forma, responder a essas demandas, pois, como aponta Bruscia K. em 1988, entre seus objetivos terapêuticos estão a restauração, a manutenção e o aprimoramento da saúde física como mental. É com este propósito que a presente investigação através de um desenho Quase-experimental, demonstram que a chamada musicoterapia grupal ativa diminui os níveis de depressão. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi estruturado um programa de intervenção em musicoterapia baseado por um lado nos princípios proposta por Gastón T., e Poch S., e no princípio de Iso (Identidade som musical) de Altshuler I. e Benenzón R.; e por outro, na metodologia grupal ativa, (Poch S., Alvin J. e Satinosky S.) que foi implementado no Hospital Psiquiátrico CNS da cidadi de La Paz a um grupo de pacientes com depressão, em tempo estimado de quatro meses, a tempo de ter feito uma análise comparativa com um grupo de controle, obtendo resultados estatísticos significativos que confirmam a hipótese da pesquisa e que permitem assistir a incursão de um novo recurso terapêutico no tratamento da depressão em nosso contexto sociocultural.

Abstract Depression is one of the biggest mental health problems worldwide and our country is not exempt from this problem, this means a huge challenge for professionals in the area and a search for accessible, innovative, sustainable and effective treatments, for what music therapy could, in some way, provide answers to these demands, since as Bruscia K. indicated in 1988, among its therapeutic objectives would be the restoration, maintenance and enhancement of both physical and mental health. It is with this purpose that the present investigation through a quasi-experimental design, aims to demonstrate that the named active group music therapy reduces the levels of depression. To achieve this goal, a music therapy intervention program has been structured based on the principles presented by Gaston T. and Poch S. and on the principle of Iso (Sound musical identity) principle from Altshuler I. and Benenzon R.; and on the other hand, in the active group methodology (Poch S., Alvin J. and Satinosky S.) that has been implemented in the Psychiatry Hospital of the CNS in a group of patients with depression, in an estimated time of four months, as well as a comparative analysis with a control group, obtaining significant statistical results that confirm the research hypothesis and that allow foreseeing the incursion of this novel therapeutic resource in the treatment of depression in our sociocultural context.

911 downloads

Farmacogenómica de los anticoagulantes orales: la importancia de establecer algoritmos de dosificación en población chilena
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Guzmán, Neftalí

; Vega, Mario

; Reyes, Franco

; Guzmán-Oyarzo, Dina

; Andaur, Marcela

; Boguen, Rodrigo

; Letelier, Pablo

Revista médica de Chile

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Set 2020, Volume 148 Nº 9 Páginas 1307 - 1314

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

There is an important interindividual variability in dose requirement for coumarinic anticoagulants, which could be explained by genetic and non-genetic factors. Among hereditary factors, there are gene polymorphisms that code the therapeutic target and the main enzyme responsible for their metabolism. However, there are other candidate genes that could modulate dose requirements. The is a paucity of pharmacogenomic platforms to determine dose requirements of coumarinics in the Chilean population. Therefore, algorithms considering different variables to adjust individual dosages are required. Herein, we analyze the available evidence about factors that can modify the effects of vitamin K antagonists and that should be incorporated to dosing algorithms.

1107 downloads

Experiencia estética de la naturaleza y concepción de progreso en la Comisión Corográfica
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Molano Vega, Mario Alejandro

Hallazgos

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Jan 2015, Volume 12 Nº 23 Páginas 73 - 89

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

El artículo de reflexión plantea la exploración de dos temáticas que se entrelazan en la modernidad cultural y artística: la experiencia estética de la naturaleza y la comprensión de la temporalidad en términos de progreso. En la historia cultural de Colombia este entrelazamiento resulta evidente en el caso de estudio de la Comisión Corográfica. Este ha sido considerado el proyecto científico y cultural más ambicioso del siglo XIX. Fue concebido dentro de un espíritu de reformismo liberal y agrupó intelectuales, científicos y artistas de gran importancia, como Manuel Acízar, Agustín Codazzi y Carmelo Fernández, entre otros. Para analizar las temáticas planteadas se empleará la perspectiva de investigación formulada por Hans-Robert Jauss en términos de una historia de las formas de experiencia estética. Esta perspectiva permite preguntarse por el surgimiento histórico de diversas formas de la praxis artística y de la apreciación estética del mundo; adicionalmente, permite plantear la relación que existe en cada caso entre las formas de experiencia estética y los procesos políticos de la modernidad. El artículo se detiene particularmente en las figuras de Alexander von Humboldt y Agustín Codazzi para analizar la concepción de la naturaleza y del progreso en la cual se apoyan y que determinó en buena medida la perspectiva de la Comisión Corográfica.

This paper explores two intertwined subjects in the cultural and artistic modernity: the aesthetic experience of nature and the understanding of temporality in terms of progress. We can find these subjects in the Colombian project named Comisión Corográfica -considered the cultural and scientific most important project in Colombia'n history of Nineteenth Century. The project was conceived on the context of liberal reforms and it grouped intellectuals, scientists and artists like Manuel Ancízar, Agustín Codazzi y Carmelo Fernández. The analysis will be make from the perspective of a history of ways of aesthetic experience that was formulated by Hans-Robert Jauss. From this research perspective we can ask by different ways of artistic praxis and aesthetic appreciation of world. In addition, this perspective allows understand the relation between particular ways of aesthetics experience and political processes of modernity. The paper concerns specifically the conception of nature and progress in Alexander von Humboldt and Agustín Codazzi in as much that it were determining elements in the Comisión Corográfica.

O artigo de reflexão apresenta a exploração de dois temas que são tecidas na modernidade cultural e artística: a experiência estética da natureza e a compreensão da temporalidade em termos de progresso. Na história cultural da Colômbia este emaranhamento é evidente no caso de estudo da Comissão Corográfica. Este tem sido considerado o mais ambicioso projeto científico e cultural do século XIX. Ele foi concebido num espírito de reformismo liberal e agrupou intelectuais, cientistas e artistas de grande importância, como Manuel Acízar, Agustin Codazzi e Carmelo Fernández, entre outros. Para analisar as questões planteadas vai-se utilizar a perspectiva de pesquisa formulada por Hans Robert Jauss, em termos de uma história das formas de experiência estética. Essa perspectiva permite preguntar-se pelo surgimento histórico de várias formas de práxis artística e da apreciação estética do mundo; além disso, permite plantear a relação existente em cada caso entre as formas de experiência estética e os processos políticos da modernidade. O artigo particularmente pára nas figuras de Alexander von Humboldt e Agustín Codazzi para analisar a concepção da natureza e do progresso em que descansam, e que determinou principalmente a perspectiva da Comissão Corográfica.

https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-3841.2015.0023.004 1890 downloads

DEVELOPMENT OF VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF TRAZODONE IN HUMAN SERUM
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MENNICKENT, SIGRID

; GONZÁLEZ, ANA

; VEGA, MARIO

; RÍOS, GISELA

; DIEGO, MARTA DE

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society

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Jul 2014, Volume 59 Nº 2 Páginas 2405 - 2408

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A high performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for quantitative analysis of trazodone in human serum has been developed and validated. Trazodone was extracted with n-hexane: isoamyl alcohol (99:1). Chromatographic separation was performed on silica gel 60 F 254 HPTLC plates, with toluene: acetone: ethanol: ammonium (9:7:2:0.5, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. Densitometric evaluation was carried out at 290 nm. There was no chromatographic interference between trazodone and its major metabolite, m-chlorophenilpiperazine (Rf 0.82 and 0.39, respectively). Regression analysis of the calibration plot revealed good linearity (r=0.999) over the range of 20.00 and 200.00 ng/band, corresponding to 0.20 and 2.00 ng/µL of trazodone in human serum after extraction process and applying 10 µL to the chromatographic plates. The % RSD of intra-assay and inter-assay precision, were in the range of 0.98% to 2.97% (n=3) and 1.06% to 3.54% (n=9), respectively. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.016ng/µL, and 0.048ng/µL, and the recovery values, of trazodone from serum, were between 92.52 % and 96.73 %. This method was successfully applied to quantify trazodone in patient serum samples. In conclusion, the developed method might be useful for the quantitative determination of trazodone in human serum, as a tool to evaluate patient adherence to their pharmacotherapy with this drug.

1425 downloads

On the estimation of the maximum depth of investigation of transient electromagnetic soundings: the case of the Vizcaino transect, Mexico
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Flores, Carlos

; Romo, José M.

; Vega, Mario

Geofísica internacional

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Jun 2013, Volume 52 Nº 2 Páginas 159 - 172

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

We test an approach proposed in the literature for estimating the maximum depth of investigation (MDI) of in-loop transient electromagnetic soundings (TEM) with data from the Vizcaino transect, a profile of 38 TEM soundings crossing the Baja California peninsula. The validity of this approach is confirmed by comparing the MDI with the deepest interface of 16 stratified models. In these soundings, all located over the Vizcaino basin, the measured data are not affected by induced polarization. The models indicate the presence of a dipping conductor interpreted as a zone of seawater intrusion with a large lateral extension of over 70 km. The remaining 22 soundings, located over igneous and metamorphic rocks, show reversals in the voltage polarity, indicating the presence of induced polarization effects. The layered Cole-Cole models for these soundings suggest a significant decrease in the MDI. This is confirmed by analyzing the depth behavior of the subsurface current densities. We further analyze the noise level of a data set comprising close to 2000 late-time voltages of about 400 TEM sites acquired in northwestern Mexico. No difference was found between the stationary noise levels of winter and summer, presumably because near thunderstorms are practically absent in this part of Mexico.

Probamos un método propuesto en la literatura para estimar la profundidad máxima de investigación (PMI) de sondeos electromagnéticos transitorios (TEM) de bobina central con datos del transecto Vizcaíno; un perfil de 38 sondeos TEM que cruza la península de Baja California. Se confirma la validez de esta técnica al comparar la PMI con la interfase más profunda de 16 modelos estratificados. En estos sondeos, todos ellos localizados en la cuenca Vizcaíno, los datos medidos no están afectados por polarización inducida. Los modelos indican la presencia de un conductor buzante interpretado como una zona de intrusión salina con una gran extensión lateral de más de 70 km. Los otros 22 sondeos, localizados sobre rocas ígneas y metamórficas, muestran cambios en la polaridad de los voltajes que indican la presencia de efectos de polarización inducida. Los modelos estratificados Cole-Cole de estos sondeos sugieren una disminución importante en la PMI. Esto es confirmado al analizar el comportamiento en profundidad de las densidades de corriente. También se analiza el nivel de ruido de un conjunto de datos que comprende cerca de 2000 voltajes de tiempo tardío de aproximadamente 400 sitios TEM adquiridos en el noroeste de México. No se encontró una diferencia entre los niveles de ruido estacionario de invierno y verano, posiblemente debido a que prácticamente no hay tormentas eléctricas en esta parte de México.

1265 downloads

A STABILITY- INDICATING HPTLC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF ENALAPRIL MALEATE IN TABLETS
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MENNICKENT, SIGRID C

; RIVAS, CRISTIAN

; VEGA, MARIO A

; DE DIEGO, MARTA G

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society

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2013, Volume 58 Nº 2 Páginas 1737 - 1740

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A stability- indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of enalapril maleate in tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved on precoated silica gel F 254 HPTLC plates using a mixture of 1-buthanol, glacial acetic acid and water (12:3:5, v/v) as a mobile phase. Quantitative analysis was carried out at a wavelength of 207 nm. The method exhibitied an adequate linearity (r =0.998), selectivity, precision and accuracy. Enalapril was subjected to oxidative, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic stress conditions, and was found degradation significantly in basic stress condition only, during the time of the study. The degradation products were well resolved from main peak, proving the stability-indicating power of the method. This method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of enalapril maleate in tablets. Therefore, the method is suitable for quantitative determination and the stability studies of enalapril maleate in tablets.

4699 downloads

High performance thin layer chromatographic determination of nifedipine in human serum after liquid-liquid extraction
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Mennickent, Sigrid

; Contreras, Jonathan

; Schulz, Berta

; Diego, Marta de

; Vega, Mario

Química Nova

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2012, Volume 35 Nº 2 Páginas 411 - 415

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A method using HPTLC for quantitation of nifedipine in serum was developed and validated. It includes a liquid-liquid extraction, and carbamazepine as internal standard. Chloroform: ethyl acetate: cyclohexane (19:2:2, v/v/v) was the mobile phase. The method showed good relationship (r = 0.996) (2.00 to 25.00 ng/band, corresponding to 0.02 and 0.25 ng/µL in serum). The % RSD of intra-assay and inter-assay, were between 0.57 and 3.56 and 1.16 to 3.60, respectively. LOD and LOQ were 0.72 and 0.86 ng/band, respectively. The recovery values were between 93 and 102%. Rf for nifedipine and carbamazepine were 0.31 and 0.10, respectively.

2815 downloads

10.

Apariencia estética y reconciliación: arte y política en Adorno
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Molano Vega, Mario Alejandro

Revista de Estudios Sociales

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Dez 2009, Nº 34 Páginas 81 - 90

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Este ensayo investiga la relación de lo político y el arte en el pensamiento de Theodor W. Adorno, por medio de un análisis de los conceptos de reconciliación, contenido de verdad y apariencia estética. El argumento central consiste en mostrar que con estos conceptos Adorno pone en relación los campos del arte y la política, en virtud de las tensiones y contradicciones entre los niveles de la totalidad y la particularidad. Por una parte, la obra de arte transgrede las formas de comprensión y praxis establecidas (nivel de la totalidad) mediante una lógica en la cual se descubre el carácter procesual de todo acto de comprensión (nivel de la particularidad). Por otra parte, la consecuencia que este tipo de transgresión artística conlleva en los ámbitos no estéticos consiste en mostrar sus contradicciones internas y su carácter contingente. Este efecto puede ser interpretado como político, si lo político se entiende, a su vez, como fenómeno de cuestionamiento e impugnación de estructuras histórico-sociales dadas.

This essay examines the relation between politics and art in the work of Theodor W. Adorno by analyzing the concepts of reconciliation, artistic truth content, and aesthetic appearance. The main argument is that Adorno relates both realms of art and politics by virtue of contradictions between the levels of totality and particularity. On the one hand, works of art transgress established ways of understanding and praxis (the level of totality) by reflecting on the contingent character of all kind of human comprehension (the level of particularity). On the other hand, the consequence of such artistic transgressions in non-aesthetic realms is to reveal their internal contradictions and their contingent character. This consequence can be interpreted as a political one if politics are understood as a phenomenon of questioning and critically reflecting on given social structures.

Este ensaio tem como alvo a pesquisa da relação do assunto político e da arte no pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno, através duma análise dos conceitos de reconciliação, conteúdo de verdade e aparência estética. O argumento central consiste em apresentar que com estes conceitos Adorno relaciona os campos da arte e da política, em virtude das tensões e contradições entre os níveis da totalidade e da particularidade. A obra de arte, por uma parte, transgride as formas de compreensão e práxis estabelecidas (nível da totalidade) através duma lógica na qual se descobre o caráter processual de todo ato de compreensão (nível de particularidade). Por outro lado, a conseqüência que este tipo de transgressão artística gera nos âmbitos não estéticos consiste em mostrar suas contradições internas e seu caráter contingente. Este efeito pode ser interpretado como político, se o assunto político é compreendido, ao mesmo tempo, como fenômeno de questionamento e de impugnação de estruturas histórico-sociais dadas.

2197 downloads

11.

ISOFLAVONES IN Lupinus albus AND Lupinus angustifolius: QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS, EVOLUTION OF THEIR CONCENTRATION DURING PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND EFFECT ON ANTHRACNOSE CAUSING FUNGUS Colletotrichum lupini
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VON BAER, DIETRICH

; SAELZER, ROBERTO

; VEGA, MARIO

; IBIETA, PABLO

; MOLINA, LILY

; VON BAER, ERIK

; IBÁÑEZ, ROCÍO

; HASHAGEN, UTA

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society

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Dez 2006, Volume 51 Nº 4 Páginas 1025 - 1029

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lupini is the disease that causes more damage in lupins around the world. Previously, we evaluated the relationship between alkaloid content and anthracnose tolerance in different varieties and breeding lines of L. albus. In the present work, an appropriate method to assess lupin isoflavones by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE) using borate alkaline buffer was developed. Genistin, licoisoflavone A, genistein and 2´-hydroxygenistein were detected in leaf, stem, bud and root of Lupins. We report amounts of these isoflavones in leaves of anthracnose tolerant and not tolerant L. albus and L. angustifolius at different development stages during the season 1998/99. Using two in-vitro bioassays against Colletotrichum lupini lupin isoflavones were tested. Our results show that licoisoflavone A, lupinalbin A, 2`-hydroxygenistein, licoisoflavone B, genistein and wighteone exerts from mild to strong fungitoxic activity. Indeed isoflavones, as natural protection, could play an important role in the resistance and tolerance of lupins against anthracnose

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12.

Efecto del cambio de las condiciones de maquinado sobre la rugosidad superficial de Pinus radiata D. Don
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AGUILERA, ALFREDO

; VEGA, MARIO

Bosque (Valdivia)

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Dez 2004, Volume 25 Nº 3 Páginas 25 - 32

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The effect of the machining conditions on the resulting surface roughness during the milling process of radiata pine was studied. The consumption of power whilst cutting was monitored, and in addition the angle of the fiber of the test specimens was varied to observe the effect on the surface quality. The results contribute to the knowledge of the machining conditions for this species and are of great commercial interest. The influence of both the feed and rotation speed on the product quality are clear. The relationship of these speeds, considered with the depth of cut and the cutting tool diameter (constants in this case), permit a definition of chip thickness as a key factor in the determination of quality and power consumption in the process. The values relating to the angle of fibers confirm that an increase in the angle causes a pronounced deterioration in the quality, and that this correlated well with the chip thickness.

Se estudia en el fresado de pino radiata, el efecto de las condiciones de maquinado sobre la rugosidad superficial resultante del proceso. Al mismo tiempo se monitorea el consumo de potencia de corte y adicionalmente se hacen variar los ángulos de las fibras de las probetas para observar su efecto sobre la calidad superficial. Los resultados permiten contribuir al conocimiento de las condiciones de maquinado para esta especie de gran interés comercial. Se observan claramente las influencias de las velocidades de avance y rotación sobre la calidad. Se indica que la relación de estas velocidades más la profundidad de corte y el diámetro de la herramienta de corte (los cuales permanecieron constantes) permiten definir el espesor de viruta, como elemento clave en la determinación tanto de la calidad como del consumo de potencia del proceso. En cuanto a la influencia del ángulo de las fibras, los valores encontrados permiten confirmar la teoría, en cuanto que un incremento del ángulo deteriora fuertemente la calidad, obteniéndose muy buenas correlaciones respecto del espesor de viruta.

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13.

Clasificación de petróleos mexicanos mediante cromatografía de gases y análisis de componentes principales
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Cañipa-Morales, Nora K.

; Galán-Vidal, Carlos A.

; Pérez-Ortiz, José A.

; Guzmán-Vega, Mario A.

Revista de la Sociedad Química de México

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Set 2003, Volume 47 Nº 3 Páginas 275 - 282

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

In this paper, the traditional method applied for crude oil characterization and classification studies based on the C7 hydrocarbons, was evaluated. With this aim, a chromatographic data set of 43 oil samples collected from three important productive areas of crude oils in Mexico, was used. We found that this method does not clearly classify into three groups the considered Mexican oils. Therefore, we set forth the use of a new star diagram developed specifically for Mexican crude oils on the basis of the five most typical and representative parameters identified by principal component analysis (ethylcyclopentane, 3-ethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane and toluene).

En el presente trabajo se evaluó la metodología tradicional para caracterizar y clasificar petróleos a partir de los hidrocarburos con 7 átomos de carbono. Con esta finalidad se utilizó un juego de datos cromatográficos de 43 muestras de aceites colectados en tres importantes áreas productivas de México. Se encontró que dicha metodología no permite clasificar claramente las muestras de petróleo en las tres familias consideradas. Consecuentemente, se planteó el uso complementario de un nuevo y útil diagrama de estrella específico para muestras mexicanas de petróleo, desarrollado a partir de la identificación de los cinco parámetros más representativos, por medio del análisis de componentes principales (etilciclopentano, 3-etilpentano, 3,3-dimetilpentano, 2,2,3-trimetilbutano y tolueno).

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14.

ANÁLISIS DE LA FRACCCIÓN LIPÍDICA DE LA YEMA DE HUEVOS POR AMD-HPTLC
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Figueroa, Carolina E.

; Vega, Mario H.

; Saelzer, Roberto F.

; Ríos, Gisela G.

; Rodríguez, Hernán

Boletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Química

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Mar 2002, Volume 47 Nº 1 Páginas 61 - 66

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

An Instrumental Planar Chromatographic Method (HPTLC) with Automatic Multiple Development Chamber (AMD) for the cholesterol analysis in egg yolk obtained from hens fed with diet to reduce the cholesterol content, was set up and validated. The gradient to achieve the simultaneous separation, identification and quantification of cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine and triolein was established. Recovery was evaluated through a standard addition procedure with a yielding of 99,4%. Repeatability and Intermediate Repeatability resulted adequate on the ground of Media Difference analysis at a confidence limit of 95%.

Se desarrolló y validó un método por cromatografía planar instrumental (HPTLC) empleando una cámara de desarrollo múltiple automático (AMD), para la determinación de colesterol libre en yema de huevos con bajo contenido de colesterol. Se estableció el gradiente que permitió la separación, identificación y cuantificación simultánea de colesterol, fosfatidilcolina y trioleina. Se evaluó el porcentaje de recuperación a través de un procedimiento de adición estándar de colesterol con un rendimiento de 99,4%. La Repetibilidad y Repetibilidad intermedia resultaron adecuadas sobre la base del análisis de diferencia de medias a un nivel del 95% de confianza.

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